{"id":484,"date":"2025-07-10T15:23:03","date_gmt":"2025-07-10T12:23:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.mdrek.com\/?p=484"},"modified":"2025-07-15T01:23:04","modified_gmt":"2025-07-14T22:23:04","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d8%b7%d9%82%d9%88%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%af-%d8%a3%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a1","status":"publish","type":"article","link":"https:\/\/new.mdrek.com\/en\/article\/%d8%a3%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d8%b7%d9%82%d9%88%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d9%86%d8%af-%d8%a3%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3%d8%af%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0637\u0642\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/a>.<\/p>

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\n\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647. \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/h2>\n

\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 The Three Musketeers \u0648 The Count of Monte Cristo \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642 \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"
\u0622\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 – \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0628\u064a \u0633\u064a (bbc.co.uk)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

5- \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628<\/h2>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062e\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062d .
\n\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0634\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647. \u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

6- \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637<\/h2>\n

\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u060c \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 Blue Angel \u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0642\u0629 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0644 Prose \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628. \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"
\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 – \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0643<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

7- \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629<\/h2>\n

\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 The West Wing \u0648 The Social Network \u060c \u0622\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0635\u0635\u0647\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0646\u0637\u062d \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623.<\/p>\n

8- \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633<\/h2>\n

\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u063a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 The Hunchback of Notre Dame \u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u0648\u063a\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0642\u0635\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n

\n
\"\"
\u0641\u064a\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u062c\u0648 – \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 Victor Hugo, photograph by Nadar (Gaspard-F\u00e9lix Tournachon).
\nArchives Photographiques, Paris britannica.com<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

9- \u0634\u0631\u0628 50 \u0641\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0647\u0648\u0629<\/h2>\n

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